Barron’s Medical Journal Reporting From American Association for
Clinical Chemistry (AACC) in Houston ,Texas USA At The George R Brown
Convention Center
Genomics And LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry analysis is What’s Next In For A Breast Cancer Cure
Houston ( AP ) Genomcis and LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry analysis
is What’s Next In For A Breast Cancer Cure. Barron Medical Journal has
found that we now have the knowhow and the systems to detect breast
cancer genes and now at this year’s show BMJ has found that one of the
major advances in science that have been around for over a Hundred years
MS mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that produces
spectra (singular spectrum) of the masses of the molecules comprising a
sample of material. The great news about MS is that we can now validate
our genomic gene finding. The next step is to get this technology out of
the University
centers
in to commercial use. Here are some success stories on breast cancer
and MS mass spectrometry.
Early phase of biomarker discovery in three clinically important types
of breast cancer using a panel of human cell lines: HER2 positive,
hormone receptor positive and HER2 negative, and triple negative (HER2-,
ER-, PR-). We identified and characterized the most abundant secreted,
sloughed, or leaked proteins released into serum free media from these
breast cancer cell lines using a combination of protein fractionation
methods before LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 249
proteins were detected in the proximal fluid of 7 breast cancer cell
lines. The expression of a selected group of high abundance and/or
breast cancer-specific potential biomarkers including thromobospondin 1,
galectin-3 binding protein, cathepsin D, vimentin,
zinc-α2-glycoprotein, CD44, and EGFR from the breast cancer cell lines
and in their culture media were further validated by Western blot
analysis. Interestingly, mass spectrometry identified a
cathepsin
D protein single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) by alanine to valine
replacement from the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Comparison of each
cell line media proteome displayed unique and consistent biosignatures
regardless of the individual group classifications, demonstrating the
potential for stratification of breast cancer. On the basis of the cell
line media proteome, predictive Tree software was able to categorize
each cell line as HER2 positive, HER2 negative, and hormone receptor
positive and triple negative based on only two proteins, muscle fructose
1,6-bisphosphate aldolase and keratin 19. In addition, the predictive
Tree software clearly identified MCF-7 cell line overexpresing the HER2
receptor with the SNP cathepsin D biomarker
Approximately 30% of malignant breast cancers demonstrate
overamplification of the human epidermal receptor type 2 (HER2) gene.
HER-2 can be resistant to low-doses of anthracycline-based chemotherapy.
The Good News is that science has advanced. Sections of microarray
provide targets for parallel in situ detection of DNA, RNA and protein
targets in each specimen on the array. The better News is that Genomics
is on the Clock. Genomics provide a faster cheaper more effective way to
detect the Her2 gene by using Semiconductor Sequencing. A example of
this technique is Gennxeix Biotech Inc Semiconductor Sequencing.
"Quantum Theory" In Action for Breast Cancer Patients. One of the major
player and touch down makers for breast cancer is Houston Texas
Methodist Hospital. In A clinical Trial A Rev. Noel Denison, a retired
Methodist minister, was diagnosed with locally advanced HER2-positive
breast cancer and is enrolled in the study at Methodist, one of only two
locations in the United States. The clinical trial is for locally
advanced or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer and combines standard
chemotherapy with trastuzumab emtansine, better known in the breast
cancer world as T-DM1, and pertuzumab, a monoclonal antibody that also
attaches to HER2 on cancer cells. Using Genomics and semiconductors to
detect breast cancer plus T-DM1 to treat breast cancer is a winning
combination. What is T-DM1? T-DM1 is in a new class of cancer-fighting
agents called antibody
drug
conjugates. By combining the antibody trastuzumab directly with
docetaxel (standard chemotherapy) and/or pertuzumab, the T-DMI is
designed to attack the tumor cells directly and deliver the
chemotherapy. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) consists of our proprietary
DM1 cancer-killing agent attached to the HER2-binding antibody,
trastuzumab, developed by Genentech (a member of the Roche Group)
using our linker and methods of attachment. Trastuzumab emtansine is in
global development by Roche under a collaboration agreement between
ImmunoGen and Genentech. Marketing applications for trastuzumab
emtansine are under review in the US and Europe. The Defense and the
most dangerous aspect of breast cancer is its ability to spread to
distant sites, most tumors are initially unable to do that Learning more
specifically what triggers metastases may provide additional targets
for preventing and treating the malignant process that causes cancer
deaths. It’s widely accepted that cancers acquire the ability to spread
through the gradual accumulation of genetic changes, and experiments
have also shown that these changes occur in parallel with changes in the
protein content and 3-dimensional patterning of the protein meshwork
that creates their immediate surroundings Gene that stops the growth of
KCNK9 Genes is gene is p53. p53 is a fundamental determinant of cancer
susceptibility, p53 integrates stress signals and elicits apoplectic
responses that maintain genomic stability. When cells sense a decrease
in oxygen availability (hypoxia), they develop adaptive responses in
order to sustain this condition and survive. If hypoxia lasts too long
or is too severe, the cells eventually die. Hypoxia is also known to
modulate the p53 pathway, in a manner dependent or not of HIF-1
(hypoxia-inducible factor-1), the main transcription factor activated by
hypoxia. The p53 protein is a transcription factor, which is rapidly
stabilized by cellular stresses
and which has a major role in the cell responses to these stresses. This
process is why it is important Conrad says for people that are first
degree relatives of breast cancer patients, must take a genomic test to
see if they are the carrier of gene KCNK9. By identifying this gene we
can direct patients with the correct advise as to deal with the fact
that they have a lunp on the breast to they are going to get a lump on
their breast. Often what happens is that a breast cancer patients dose
not go to the doctor or take important test to see if there is a lump on
the breast. what happens is the spread of breast cancer is responsible
for more than 90 percent of breast cancer deaths.
A panel of three breast cancer biomarkers (BC1, BC2, and BC3) from serum samples collected at a single hospital based on their
Collective contribution to the optimal separation of
breast cancer patients and noncancer controls by surface-
enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight
mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS). The identities and
general applicability of these markers, however, were
unknown. In this study, we performed protein expression
profiling on samples obtained from a second hospital,
included a greater number of ductal carcinoma in
situ (DCIS) cases, and performed purification and identification
of the 2 confirmed markers.
Methods: Using a case– control study design, we performed
protein expression profiling on serum samples
from the National Cancer Institute (Milan, Italy). The
validation sample cohort consisted of 61 women with
locally invasive breast cancer, 32 with DCIS, 37 with
various benign breast diseases (including 13 atypical),
and 46 age-matched apparently healthy women (age
range, 44–68 years). Validated biomarkers were purified
and identified with serial chromatography, 1-dimensional
gel electrophoresis, in-gel ASP-N digestion, peptide
mass fingerprinting, and tandem mass peptide
sequencing.
Results: The BC3 and BC2 expression patterns in this
sample set were consistent with the first study sample
set. BC3 and BC2 were identified to be complement
component C3adesArg and a C-terminal–truncated form
of C3adesArg, respectively.
Conclusions: Evaluation of biomarkers in independent
sample sets can help determine the broader utility of
candidate markers, and protein identification permits
understanding of their molecular basis. C3adesArg appears
to lack specificity among patients with benign
diseases, limiting its utility as a stand-alone tumor
marker, but it may still be useful in a multimarker panel
for early detection of breast cancer.
Barrons Medical Journal Says That we are going to have a breast cancer cure by the end of President Obama 2nd term
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